Motivations and Attitudes of Spanish Chemistry and Economic Researchers Towards Publication in English-Medium Scientific Journals

En el contexto actual de prácticas científicas y académicas globalizadas, la investigación del inglés para fines académicos y, de forma más concreta, del inglés con fines de publicación ha crecido de forma exponencial. Este estudio se integra dentro de un proyecto de investigación llevado a cabo por el grupo ENEIDA cuyo objetivo, entre otros, es explorar las actitudes y experiencias de los académicos españoles con relación a la publicación de su investigación utilizando un cuestionario en línea que se envió a académicos de cinco instituciones y universidades españolas. Presentamos aquí las respuestas de las disciplinas de Química y Económicas por lo que se refiere a actitudes y motivaciones a la hora de utilizar el inglés como lengua de publicación de la investigación. Las diferencias entre estas dos disciplinas revelan diferentes grados de internacionalización así como diferentes expectativas e idiosincrasias disciplinares.In our current globalised world of scientific and academic practices, research within English for Academic Purposes (EAP), and more specifically, English for Research Publication Purposes (ERPP) has undergone an exponential upsurge. The present study is part of a wider research project, led by the ENEIDA research group, aiming among other things at exploring Spanish scholars’ attitudes and experiences of research publication by means of a large online questionnaire sent to academics from five Spanish universities and institutions. We here report on the answers provided by Chemistry and Economics’ scholars as regards attitudes and motivations to use English for publication purposes. Relevant differences between them reveal different degrees of internationalization for Chemistry and Business scholars as well as different disciplinary idiosyncrasies and expectations

Efficiency of a self-administered outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (s-opat) for infectiveendocarditis within the context of a shortened hospital admission based on hospital at homeprogram

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of treatment of infectious endocarditis (IE) via Self-administered Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (S-OPAT) supported by a shortening hospital admission program in a hospitalization-at-home unit (HAH), including a short review of the literature. METHODS: Ambispective cohort study of 57 episodes of IE in 54 patients treated in an HAH unit between 1988 and 2014 who receive S-OPAT after prior intra-hospital clinical stabilization. Characteristics of each episode of IE, safety and efficiency of the care model, were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-three (76%) patients were males with a median age of 61 years (SD = 16.5). A total of 37 (65%) episodes affected the native valve (42% the aortic valve). In 75%, a micro-organism was isolated, of which 88% were Gram-positive bacteria. No deaths occurred during HAH program, clinical complications appeared in 30% of episodes, only 6 patients were re-admitted to hospital although no patient died. In the 12 months' follow-up 3 cases had a recurrence. The average cost of a day stay in HAH was €174 while in traditional cardiology hospitalization was €1100. The total average cost of treatment of each episode of IE managed entirely in hospital was calculated as €54,723. Application of the S-OPAT model based on HAH meant a cost reduction of 32.72%. CONCLUSIONS: In suitably selected patients, treatment of IE based on S-OPAT supported by a shortening hospital admission care program by means of referral to a HAH unit is a safe and efficient care model which entails a significant cost saving for the public healthcare system

Primer año de vida en recièn nacidos bajo peso

Introducciòn: El bajo peso al nacer es un indicador que influye de forma directa en la morbi-mortalidad infantil y en el posterior desarrollo del niño.Objetivo: Caracterizar los recién nacidos bajo peso pretérmino y a término durante el primer año de vida en el Policlínico Universitario “Héroes del Moncada”, período 2006 – 2011.Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal con 41 recién nacidos bajo peso.Resultados: El crecimiento intrauterino retardado se presentó en 31 de los niños. Predominó la hiperbilirrubinemia como trastorno asociado al nacimiento en el 50% de los prematuros. A los 12 meses el 59,1% de los niños pretérmino y el 57,9% de los a término fueron considerados normopeso. El 63, 6% de los recién nacidos bajo peso pretérmino enfermó durante el primer año de vida.Conclusiones: Predominaron los niños con bajo peso al nacer pretérmino, los cuales presentaron en su totalidad trastornos asociados al nacimiento. El incremento medio de las variables antropométricas fue mayor en los mismos. Por el contrario los recién nacidos bajo peso a término fueron niños con crecimiento intrauterino retardado, que no presentaron enfermedades asociadas al nacer. Predominaron aquellos a término que recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva y que no enfermaron durante el primer año de vida.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Low birth weight is an indicator that directly influences on infant morbidity and mortality and subsequent child development. Objective: To characterize low preterm infants and term weight during the first year of life at the "Heroes of Moncada" Policlinic, in the period 2006-2011. Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with 41 underweight newborns was performed.Results: Intrauterine growth retardation occurred in 31 children. Predominated hyperbilirubinemia as a disorder associated with birth in 50% of preterm. At 12 months, 59.1% of preterm infants and 57.9% of term were considered normal weight. 63, 6% of preterm low weight babies ill during the first year of life.Conclusions: There is a predominance of children with low birth weight, preterm, which presented disorders associated with birth. The average increases in the anthropometric variables were higher in them. Conversely underweight term newborns were children with intrauterine growth retardation, who did not presented associated diseases at birth.

Age determination procedures for benthic fish in Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO)

This handbook presents a summary of the age estimation procedures used in the Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) for some of the main commercial benthic species of fish for the Spanish fleet: megrim (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis), four spot megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii), white anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius), black anglerfish (Lophius budegassa). It provides information about the sampling program, the morphology of hard parts (otoliths and illicia), their extraction, preparation, and the age estimation criteria. A summary of information related to the accuracy, validation and corroboration of age of each species is also presented, as well as that related to the precision, quality control and verification of age

Age determination procedures for pelagic and benthic species from ICES area in Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO)

This handbook presents a summary of the age estimation procedures used in Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) for some of the main commercial small and medium pelagic species and benthic species of the Spanish fleet. It provides information about the sampling program, otolith extraction and preparation, and the age estimation criteria. A summary of the information related to the age accuracy, validation and corroboration of each species is also presented, as well as that related to the age precision, quality control and verification

Sociología a pie

Unidad Deptal. de Sociología: Metodología y TeoríaFac. de Ciencias de la InformaciónFALSEsubmitte

An imported case of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2, Spain in the context of the ongoing polio Public Health Emergency of International Concern, September 2021

The monthly retrospective search for unreported acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases conducted as a complementary component of the Spanish AFP surveillance system identified a case of AFP in a child admitted in Spain from Senegal during August 2021. Vaccine-derived poliovirus 2 was identified in the stool in September 2021. We present public health implications and response undertaken within the framework of the National Action Plan for Polio Eradication and the Public Health Emergency of International Concern.S

Control of glutamate release by complexes of adenosine and cannabinoid receptors

Background It has been hypothesized that heteromers of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) and cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1R) localized in glutamatergic nerve terminals mediate the integration of adenosine and endocannabinoid signaling involved in the modulation of striatal excitatory neurotransmission. Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of A2AR-CB1R heteromers in artificial cell systems. A dependence of A2AR signaling for the Gi protein-mediated CB1R signaling was described as one of its main biochemical characteristics. However, recent studies have questioned the localization of functionally significant A2AR-CB1R heteromers in striatal glutamatergic terminals. Results Using a peptide-interfering approach combined with biophysical and biochemical techniques in mammalian transfected cells and computational modeling, we could establish a tetrameric quaternary structure of the A2AR-CB1R heterotetramer. This quaternary structure was different to the also tetrameric structure of heteromers of A2AR with adenosine A1 receptors or dopamine D2 receptors, with different heteromeric or homomeric interfaces. The specific quaternary structure of the A2A-CB1R, which depended on intermolecular interactions involving the long C-terminus of the A2AR, determined a significant A2AR and Gs protein-mediated constitutive activation of adenylyl cyclase. Using heteromer-interfering peptides in experiments with striatal glutamatergic terminals, we could then demonstrate the presence of functionally significant A2AR-CB1R heteromers with the same biochemical characteristics of those studied in mammalian transfected cells. First, either an A2AR agonist or an A2AR antagonist allosterically counteracted Gi-mediated CB1R agonist-induced inhibition of depolarization-induced glutamate release. Second, co-application of both an A2AR agonist and an antagonist cancelled each other effects. Finally, a CB1R agonist inhibited glutamate release dependent on a constitutive activation of A2AR by a canonical Gs-Gi antagonistic interaction at the adenylyl cyclase level. Conclusions We demonstrate that the well-established cannabinoid-induced inhibition of striatal glutamate release can mostly be explained by a CB1R-mediated counteraction of the A2AR-mediated constitutive activation of adenylyl cyclase in the A2AR-CB1R heteromer

Age determination procedures on small and medium pelagic species in Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO)

This handbook presents a summary of the age estimation procedures used in Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) for some of the main commercial small and medium pelagic species of the Spanish fleet: anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), sardine (Sardina pichardus), mackerel (Scomber scombrus), chuck mackerel (Scomber colias), horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou). It provides information about the sampling program, otolith extraction and preparation, and the age estimation criteria. A summary of the information related to the age accuracy, validation and corroboration of each species is also presented, as well as that related to the age precision, quality control and verification